| We tend to think of Edward the Confessor as the quintessential Anglo-Saxon king. In fact, he was almost as Norman as William the Conqueror. After all, his mother Emma was a Norman and he'd lived here in Normandy for 30 years, ever since she'd brought him as a child refugee from the wars between the Saxons and the Danes. But Normandy was not just an asylum for Edward, it was the place which formed him politically and culturally. His mother tongue was Norman French. And his virtual godfathers were the formidable Dukes of Normandy. The Normans were descendants of Viking raiders, but had long since traded in their longboats for powerful war-horses. And the Duchy of Normandy was in no sense just a piece of France. Though the Dukes did formal homage to the kings of France, in every other way, they were fiercely independent, possessed of castles, patrons of churches. | |
| 我们倾向于把忏悔者爱德华看作一个典型的盎格鲁撒克逊国王，事实上，他几乎与征服者威廉一样是个诺曼人，他的母亲爱玛是诺曼人。在撒克逊与丹麦战争的硝烟中，把他扮作难民童带出，逃亡至诺曼底。自那以后，他便在此生活了三十年。但诺曼底不仅仅是爱德华的避难所，还培养了他在政治和文化方面的才能。他的母语是诺曼法语，他真正的教父是那些令人敬畏的诺曼底公爵，诺曼人是维京海盗的后裔，但在很久以前就把战船换成了强大的战马，诺曼底公国绝非仅为法国的一部分。尽管公爵在正式礼仪上效忠法国国王，但在其它方面他们是完全独立的，拥有自己的城堡与自己资助的教堂。 |
| We tend to think of Edward the Confessor as the quintessential AngloSaxon king. In fact, he was almost as Norman as William the Conqueror. After all, his mother Emma was a Norman and he' d lived here in Normandy for 30 years, ever since she' d brought him as a child refugee from the wars between the Saxons and the Danes. But Normandy was not just an asylum for Edward, it was the place which formed him politically and culturally. His mother tongue was Norman French. And his virtual godfathers were the formidable Dukes of Normandy. The Normans were descendants of Viking raiders, but had long since traded in their longboats for powerful warhorses. And the Duchy of Normandy was in no sense just a piece of France. Though the Dukes did formal homage to the kings of France, in every other way, they were fiercely independent, possessed of castles, patrons of churches. | |
| wo men qing xiang yu ba chan hui zhe ai de hua kan zuo yi ge dian xing de ang ge lu sa ke xun guo wang, shi shi shang, ta ji hu yu zheng fu zhe wei lian yi yang shi ge nuo man ren, ta de mu qin ai ma shi nuo man ren. zai sa ke xun yu dan mai zhan zheng de xiao yan zhong, ba ta ban zuo nan min tong dai chu, tao wang zhi nuo man di. zi na yi hou, ta bian zai ci sheng huo le san shi nian. dan nuo man di bu jin jin shi ai de hua de bi nan suo, hai pei yang le ta zai zheng zhi he wen hua fang mian di cai neng. ta de mu yu shi nuo man fa yu, ta zhen zheng de jiao fu shi nei xie ling ren jing wei de nuo man di gong jue, nuo man ren shi wei jing hai dao de hou yi, dan zai hen jiu yi qian jiu ba zhan chuan huan cheng le qiang da de zhan ma, nuo man di gong guo jue fei jin wei fa guo de yi bu fen. jin guan gong jue zai zheng shi li yi shang xiao zhong fa guo guo wang, dan zai qi ta fang mian ta men shi wan quan du li de, yong you zi ji de cheng bao yu zi ji zi zhu de jiao tang. |
| We tend to think of Edward the Confessor as the quintessential AngloSaxon king. In fact, he was almost as Norman as William the Conqueror. After all, his mother Emma was a Norman and he' d lived here in Normandy for 30 years, ever since she' d brought him as a child refugee from the wars between the Saxons and the Danes. But Normandy was not just an asylum for Edward, it was the place which formed him politically and culturally. His mother tongue was Norman French. And his virtual godfathers were the formidable Dukes of Normandy. The Normans were descendants of Viking raiders, but had long since traded in their longboats for powerful warhorses. And the Duchy of Normandy was in no sense just a piece of France. Though the Dukes did formal homage to the kings of France, in every other way, they were fiercely independent, possessed of castles, patrons of churches. | |
| wǒ men qīng xiàng yú bǎ chàn huǐ zhě ài dé huá kàn zuò yí gè diǎn xíng de àng gé lǔ sā kè xùn guó wáng, shì shí shàng, tā jī hū yǔ zhēng fú zhě wēi lián yí yàng shì gè nuò màn rén, tā de mǔ qīn ài mǎ shì nuò màn rén. zài sā kè xùn yǔ dān mài zhàn zhēng de xiāo yān zhōng, bǎ tā bàn zuò nàn mín tóng dài chū, táo wáng zhì nuò màn dǐ. zì nà yǐ hòu, tā biàn zài cǐ shēng huó le sān shí nián. dàn nuò màn dǐ bù jǐn jǐn shì ài dé huá de bì nàn suǒ, hái péi yǎng le tā zài zhèng zhì hé wén huà fāng miàn dí cái néng. tā de mǔ yǔ shì nuò màn fǎ yǔ, tā zhēn zhèng de jiào fù shì nèi xiē lìng rén jìng wèi de nuò màn dǐ gōng jué, nuò màn rén shì wéi jīng hǎi dào de hòu yì, dàn zài hěn jiǔ yǐ qián jiù bǎ zhàn chuán huàn chéng le qiáng dà de zhàn mǎ, nuò màn dǐ gōng guó jué fēi jǐn wèi fǎ guó de yī bù fen. jǐn guǎn gōng jué zài zhèng shì lǐ yí shàng xiào zhōng fǎ guó guó wáng, dàn zài qí tā fāng miàn tā men shì wán quán dú lì de, yōng yǒu zì jǐ de chéng bǎo yǔ zì jǐ zī zhù de jiào táng. |
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