| The Duke University team designed two games, one to test patience and the other assessing risk-taking. The second was a sort of gambling game where the 40 chimps and bonobos the team studied were offered a choice between a safe option, six peanuts hidden under a bowl, or a risky option. The second bowl concealed either a slice of cucumber or a much tastier piece of banana, and that prise wasn't revealed until the ape had made its choice. When one chimp, named Timi, gambled and got the cucumber, he threw what looked and sounded very much like a tantrum. Although some were more stoic than Timi, many of the animals involved showed an emotional response to a bad decision, anxiously scratching themselves or calling out. The study, the scientists say, suggests that emotions like frustration and regret, so fundamental to our own decisions, are not uniquely human, but are an important and ancient part of ape society. | |
| 杜克大学设计了两个游戏-一个游戏是用来测试耐心的，另一个用来评估风险承担系数 第二个游戏是一种赌博游戏。在这个游戏中，这个团队研究的四十只黑猩猩和巴诺布猿被给予了一个选择的权利。它们需要在两个选项中做出选择，即一个安全的选项-一只碗下面藏着的六个花生，或是一个有风险的选项。第二个碗里藏了一片黄瓜或是一片更美味的香蕉。并且，直到猩猩做出了自己的选择，奖励才会被揭开。 当一只叫蒂米的黑猩猩冒险一试得到了黄瓜，他的表情和声音都让人觉得他很像在发脾气。虽然一些猩猩比蒂米坚忍，很多此游戏中的动物却对不好的结果表现出了情绪反应-紧张地抓挠他们自己或是尖叫出声。 科学家说这项研究表明类似挫败和后悔这些对我们自身的决定非常重要的感情不只是人类独有的，也是猩猩社会一项重要而古老的组成部分。 |
| The Duke University team designed two games, one to test patience and the other assessing risktaking. The second was a sort of gambling game where the 40 chimps and bonobos the team studied were offered a choice between a safe option, six peanuts hidden under a bowl, or a risky option. The second bowl concealed either a slice of cucumber or a much tastier piece of banana, and that prise wasn' t revealed until the ape had made its choice. When one chimp, named Timi, gambled and got the cucumber, he threw what looked and sounded very much like a tantrum. Although some were more stoic than Timi, many of the animals involved showed an emotional response to a bad decision, anxiously scratching themselves or calling out. The study, the scientists say, suggests that emotions like frustration and regret, so fundamental to our own decisions, are not uniquely human, but are an important and ancient part of ape society. | |
| du ke da xue she ji le liang ge you xi yi ge you xi shi yong lai ce shi nai xin de, ling yi ge yong lai ping gu feng xian cheng dan xi shu di er ge you xi shi yi zhong du bo you xi. zai zhe ge you xi zhong, zhe ge tuan dui yan jiu de si shi zhi hei xing xing he ba nuo bu yuan bei ji yu le yi ge xuan ze de quan li. ta men xu yao zai liang ge xuan xiang zhong zuo chu xuan ze, ji yi ge an quan de xuan xiang yi zhi wan xia mian cang zhe de liu ge hua sheng, huo shi yi ge you feng xian de xuan xiang. di er ge wan li cang le yi pian huang gua huo shi yi pian geng mei wei de xiang jiao. bing qie, zhi dao xing xing zuo chu le zi ji de xuan ze, jiang li cai hui bei jie kai. dang yi zhi jiao di mi de hei xing xing mao xian yi shi de dao le huang gua, ta de biao qing he sheng yin dou rang ren jue de ta hen xiang zai fa pi qi. sui ran yi xie xing xing bi di mi jian ren, hen duo ci you xi zhong de dong wu que dui bu hao de jie guo biao xian chu le qing xu fan ying jin zhang di zhua nao ta men zi ji huo shi jian jiao chu sheng. ke xue jia shuo zhe xiang yan jiu biao ming lei si cuo bai he hou hui zhei xie dui wo men zi shen de jue ding fei chang zhong yao de gan qing bu zhi shi ren lei du you de, ye shi xing xing she hui yi xiang zhong yao er gu lao de zu cheng bu fen. |
| The Duke University team designed two games, one to test patience and the other assessing risktaking. The second was a sort of gambling game where the 40 chimps and bonobos the team studied were offered a choice between a safe option, six peanuts hidden under a bowl, or a risky option. The second bowl concealed either a slice of cucumber or a much tastier piece of banana, and that prise wasn' t revealed until the ape had made its choice. When one chimp, named Timi, gambled and got the cucumber, he threw what looked and sounded very much like a tantrum. Although some were more stoic than Timi, many of the animals involved showed an emotional response to a bad decision, anxiously scratching themselves or calling out. The study, the scientists say, suggests that emotions like frustration and regret, so fundamental to our own decisions, are not uniquely human, but are an important and ancient part of ape society. | |
| dù kè dà xué shè jì le liǎng gè yóu xì yí gè yóu xì shì yòng lái cè shì nài xīn de, lìng yí gè yòng lái píng gū fēng xiǎn chéng dān xì shù dì èr gè yóu xì shì yī zhǒng dǔ bó yóu xì. zài zhè gè yóu xì zhōng, zhè gè tuán duì yán jiū de sì shí zhǐ hēi xīng xīng hé bā nuò bù yuán bèi jǐ yǔ le yí gè xuǎn zé de quán lì. tā men xū yào zài liǎng gè xuǎn xiàng zhōng zuò chū xuǎn zé, jí yí gè ān quán de xuǎn xiàng yì zhī wǎn xià miàn cáng zhe de liù ge huā shēng, huò shì yí gè yǒu fēng xiǎn de xuǎn xiàng. dì èr gè wǎn lǐ cáng le yī piàn huáng guā huò shì yī piàn gèng měi wèi de xiāng jiāo. bìng qiě, zhí dào xīng xīng zuò chū le zì jǐ de xuǎn zé, jiǎng lì cái huì bèi jiē kāi. dāng yì zhī jiào dì mǐ de hēi xīng xīng mào xiǎn yī shì dé dào le huáng guā, tā de biǎo qíng hé shēng yīn dōu ràng rén jué de tā hěn xiàng zài fā pí qì. suī rán yī xiē xīng xīng bǐ dì mǐ jiān rěn, hěn duō cǐ yóu xì zhōng de dòng wù què duì bù hǎo de jié guǒ biǎo xiàn chū le qíng xù fǎn yìng jǐn zhāng dì zhuā náo tā men zì jǐ huò shì jiān jiào chū shēng. kē xué jiā shuō zhè xiàng yán jiū biǎo míng lèi sì cuò bài hé hòu huǐ zhèi xiē duì wǒ men zì shēn de jué dìng fēi cháng zhòng yào de gǎn qíng bù zhǐ shì rén lèi dú yǒu de, yě shì xīng xīng shè huì yī xiàng zhòng yào ér gǔ lǎo de zǔ chéng bù fen. |
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