| [00:55.97] |
11. |
| [00:58.65] |
W: Jim, you are on the net again! |
| [01:02.04] |
When are you going to get off? |
| [01:04.23] |
It's time for the talk show. |
| [01:06.31] |
M: Just a minute dear! |
| [01:07.92] |
I'm looking at a new jewelry site. |
| [01:10.52] |
I want to make sure I get the right gift for mom's birthday. |
| [01:14.09] |
Q: What is the man doing right now? |
| [01:30.98] |
12. |
| [01:33.57] |
W: I have never seen you have such confidence before in the exam! |
| [01:38.54] |
M: It's more than confidence! |
| [01:40.23] |
Right now I feel that if I get less than an A, |
| [01:43.19] |
it will be the fault of the exam itself. |
| [01:46.40] |
Q: What does the man mean? |
| [02:02.96] |
13. |
| [02:05.28] |
W: Just look at this newspaper! |
| [02:08.41] |
Nothing but murder, death and war! |
| [02:11.74] |
Do you still believe people are basically good? |
| [02:15.11] |
M: Of course, I do! |
| [02:15.79] |
But newspapers hardly ever report stories about peace and generosity. |
| [02:22.13] |
They are not news! |
| [02:24.16] |
Q: What do we learn from the conversation? |
| [02:40.91] |
14. |
| [02:43.19] |
M: Tom must be joking when he said he plans to sell his shop and go to medical school. |
| [02:49.68] |
W: You are quite right! He's just kidding! |
| [02:52.98] |
He's also told me time and time again he wished to study for some profession |
| [02:58.62] |
instead of going into business. |
| [03:01.38] |
Q: What will Tom probably do according to the conversation? |
| [03:18.78] |
15. |
| [03:21.17] |
W: I hear your boss has a real good impression of you, |
| [03:25.95] |
and he is thinking about giving you two more days off each month. |
| [03:29.54] |
M: I hope not. I'd rather get more work hours , |
| [03:33.62] |
so I can get enough bucks to help out my two kids at college. |
| [03:37.54] |
Q: What does the man truly want? |
| [03:54.78] |
16. |
| [03:57.46] |
M: I heard you took a trip to Mexico last month. |
| [04:00.98] |
How did you like it? |
| [04:02.45] |
W: Oh, I got sick and tired of the hotels and hotel food! |
| [04:07.54] |
So now I understand the thing: East, west, home's best! |
| [04:14.14] |
Q: What does the woman mean? |
| [04:30.49] |
17. |
| [04:33.14] |
W: I'm worried about Anna. She's really been depressed lately. |
| [04:38.02] |
All she does is staying in her room all day . |
| [04:41.17] |
M: That sounds serious! She'd better see a psychiatristat the counseling center. |
| [04:47.03] |
Q: What does the man suggest Anna do? |
| [05:04.56] |
18. |
| [05:07.32] |
M: I could hardly recognize Sam after he got that new job! |
| [05:12.09] |
He's always in a suit and tie now. |
| [05:14.60] |
W: Yeah. He was never liked that in college. |
| [05:18.31] |
Back then, he went around in old T-shirtsand jeans. |
| [05:22.57] |
Q: What do the speakers say about Sam? |
| [05:44.25] |
Conversation One |
| [05:47.34] |
M: Hi, Ann! Welcome back! How was your trip to the States? |
| [05:52.77] |
W: Very busy. I had a lot of meetings, so, |
| [05:57.05] |
of course, I didn't have much time to see New York. |
| [06:01.17] |
M: What a pity! Actually, I have a trip there myself next week. |
| [06:05.53] |
W: Do you? Then take my advice, do the well-being in the air program. |
| [06:12.19] |
It really works. |
| [06:13.77] |
M: Oh, I read about that in a magazine. You say it works? |
| [06:17.02] |
W: Yes, I did the program on the flight to the States, |
| [06:20.81] |
and when I arrived in New York,I didn't have any problem, no jet lag at all. |
| [06:27.35] |
On the way back, I didn't do it, and I felt terrible. |
| [06:32.32] |
M: You're joking! |
| [06:32.67] |
W: Not at all, it really made a lot of difference. |
| [06:37.05] |
M: En. So what did you do? |
| [06:40.11] |
W: Well, I didn't drink any alcohol or cofee, and I didn't eat any meat or 1ich food. |
| [06:47.42] |
I drink a lot of water, and free juice, and I ate the meals on the well-being menu. |
| [06:53.86] |
They're lighter. |
| [06:55.45] |
They have fish, vegetables, and noodles, for example, |
| [06:59.83] |
and I did some of the exercises in the program. |
| [07:03.45] |
M: Exercises? On a plane? |
| [07:06.24] |
W: Yes. I didn't do many, of course, there isn't much space on a plane. |
| [07:11.97] |
M: How many passengers do the exercises? |
| [07:14.75] |
W: Not many. |
| [07:16.04] |
M: Then how much champagne did they drink? |
| [07:18.68] |
W: A lot! It was more popular than mineral water. |
| [07:23.03] |
M: So, basically, it's a choice. |
| [07:25.06] |
Mineral water and exercises, or champagne and jet lag. |
| [07:29.19] |
W: That's 1ight! It's a diffcult choice. |
| [07:33.69] |
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. |
| [07:40.49] |
19. Why did the woman go to New York? |
| [07:58.50] |
20. What does the woman say about the well-being in the air program? |
| [08:19.60] |
21. What did the woman do to follow the well-being menu? |
| [08:40.51] |
22. What did the woman say about other passengers? |
| [09:00.49] |
Conversation Two |
| [09:03.62] |
W: Morning. Can I help you? |
| [09:06.60] |
M: Well, I'm not really sure. I'm just looking. |
| [09:10.33] |
W:I see. Well, there's plenty to look at it again this year. |
| [09:14.79] |
I'm sure you have to walk miles to see each stand. |
| [09:18.61] |
M: That's true. |
| [09:19.37] |
W: Er.., would you like a cofee? Come and sit down for a minute, no obligation. |
| [09:24.43] |
M: Well, that's very kind of you, but. |
| [09:26.92] |
W: Now, please. Is this the first year you've been to the fair, Mr. |
| [09:31.73] |
M: Yes, Johnson, James Johnson. |
| [09:34.36] |
W: My name's Susan Carter. |
| [09:36.51] |
Are you looking for anything in particular, |
| [09:38.96] |
or are you just interested in computers in general? |
| [09:42.09] |
M: Well, actually, I have some specific jobs in mind. |
| [09:45.85] |
I own a small company, we 've grown quite dramatically over the past 12 months, |
| [09:51.18] |
and we really need sometechnological help to enable us to keep on top of everything. |
| [09:55.88] |
W: What's your line of business, Mr. Johnson? |
| [09:59.17] |
M: We're a training consultancy. |
| [10:01.56] |
W: I see. And what do you need"to keep on top" |
| [10:06.03] |
M: The first thing is correspondence. |
| [10:08.65] |
We have a lot of standard letters and forms. |
| [10:11.22] |
So I suppose we need some kind of word processor. |
| [10:14.57] |
W: Right. Well, that's no problem. |
| [10:17.72] |
But it may be possible for you to get a system |
| [10:21.07] |
that does a lot of other things in addition to word processing. |
| [10:24.59] |
What might suit you is the MR 5000. |
| [10:29.30] |
That's it over there! |
| [10:30.80] |
It's IBM compatible. |
| [10:32.89] |
M: What about the price? |
| [10:34.69] |
W: Well, the MR 5000 costs 1,050 pounds. |
| [10:41.28] |
Software comes free with the hardware. |
| [10:43.88] |
M: Well, I'll think about it. Thank you. |
| [10:47.71] |
W: Here's my card. Please feel free to contact me. |
| [10:52.83] |
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. |
| [10:59.75] |
23. Where did the conversation take place? |
| [11:19.39] |
24. What are the speakers talking about? |
| [11:39.19] |
25. What is the man's line of business? |
| [11:57.03] |
Section B |
| [12:32.60] |
Passage One |
| [12:35.40] |
The new year always brings with the cultural tradition of new possibilities. |
| [12:41.79] |
We see it as a chance for renewal. |
| [12:44.54] |
We begin to dream of new possible selves. |
| [12:48.44] |
We design our ideal self or an image that is quite different from what we are now. |
| [12:55.11] |
For some of us,we roll at dreamy flm in our heads just because it's the beginning of a new year. |
| [13:02.39] |
But we aren't serious about making changes. |
| [13:05.82] |
We just make some half-hearted resolution and it evaporates after a week or two. |
| [13:11.77] |
The experience makes us feel less successful |
| [13:15.46] |
and leads us to discount our ability to change in the future. |
| [13:20.15] |
It's not the changes impossible but that it won't last |
| [13:25.66] |
unless our resolutions are supported with plans for implementation. |
| [13:30.03] |
We have to make our intentions manageable by detailing the specific steps |
| [13:35.14] |
that will carry us to our goal. |
| [13:37.45] |
Say your goal is to lose weight by dieting and cutting off sweets. |
| [13:43.81] |
But one night you just have to have a cookie. |
| [13:47.62] |
And you know there's a bag of your favorites in the cupboard. |
| [13:51.59] |
You want one, you eat two, you check the bag and find out you've just shot 132 calories. |
| [14:00.89] |
You say to yourself, "What the hell!" and polish off the whole bag. |
| [14:06.75] |
Then you begin to draw all kinds of unpleasant conclusions about yourself. |
| [14:12.72] |
To protect your sense of self, you begin to discount the goal. |
| [14:18.50] |
You may think - "Well, dieting wasn't that important to me and I won't make it anyhow." |
| [14:24.82] |
So you abandon the goal and retun to your bad habits. |
| [14:31.27] |
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. |
| [14:38.37] |
26. What do people usually wish to do at the beginning of a new year'? |
| [14:58.15] |
27. How can people tum their new year's resolutions into reality? |
| [15:20.77] |
28. Why does the speaker mention the example of sweets and cookies? |
| [15:41.52] |
Passage Two |
| [15:45.32] |
25 years ago, Ray Anderson, a single parent with a one-year-old son witnessed a terrible accident |
| [15:54.60] |
which took place when the driver of a truck ran a red light and collided with the car of Sandra D. |
| [16:01.95] |
The impact of the collision killed Sandra instantly. |
| [16:05.57] |
But her three-month-old daughter was left trapped in the burning car. |
| [16:09.58] |
While other slooked on in horror, |
| [16:12.04] |
Andersen jumped out of his vehicle and crawled into the car |
| [16:16.46] |
through the shadowed rear window to try to free the infant. |
| [16:20.67] |
Seconds later, the car was enclosed in flames. |
| [16:24.75] |
But to everyone's amazement, Andersen was able to pull the baby to safety. |
| [16:31.28] |
While the baby was all right, Andersen was seriously injured. |
| [16:36.31] |
Two days later he died. |
| [16:39.77] |
But his heroic act was published widely in the media. |
| [16:43.52] |
His son was soon adopted by relatives. |
| [16:46.78] |
The most remarkable part of the story unfolded only last week. |
| [16:52.06] |
Karen and her boyfriend Michael were looking through some old boxes |
| [16:57.04] |
When they came across some old newspaper clippings. |
| [17:00.55] |
"This is me when I was a new born baby. |
| [17:03.53] |
I was rescued fiom a buning car. But my mother died in the accident,"explained Karen. |
| [17:09.58] |
Although Michael knew Karen's mother had died years earlier, |
| [17:13.86] |
he never fully understood the circumstances until he skimmed over the newspaper article. |
| [17:19.85] |
To Karen's suprise, Michael was absorbed in the details of the accident. |
| [17:25.26] |
And he began to cry uncontrollably. |
| [17:28.62] |
Then he revealed that the man that pulled Karen from the flames was the father he never knew. |
| [17:35.63] |
The two embraced and shed many tears,recounting stories told to them about their parents. |
| [17:43.96] |
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. |
| [17:49.58] |
29. What happened twenty-five years ago? |
| [18:08.29] |
30. What does the speaker say about Michael' s father? |
| [18:27.25] |
31. Why did Michael cry uncontrollably when he skimmed over the newspaper article? |
| [18:49.02] |
Passage Three |
| [18:52.24] |
Americans suffer from an overdose of work. |
| [18:56.97] |
Regardless of who they are or what they do. |
| [19:00.66] |
Americans spend more time at work than that any time since World War II. |
| [19:05.93] |
In 1950,the US had fewer working hours than any other industrialized country. |
| [19:13.61] |
Today, it exceeds every country but Japan where industrial employees load 2155 hours a year |
| [19:22.97] |
compared with 1951 in the US and 1603 in the former West Germany. |
| [19:32.53] |
Between 1969 and 1989, employed Americans add an average of 138 hours to their yearly work schedules. |
| [19:43.20] |
The work week has remained above 40 hours. |
| [19:47.17] |
But people are working more weeks each year. |
| [19:50.42] |
Specifically pay time off holidays, vacations, sick leave shrank by 50% in the 1980s. |
| [20:01.15] |
As corporations have experienced stiff competitions and slow in growth of productivity, |
| [20:07.70] |
they have pressed employees to work longer. |
| [20:11.11] |
Cost-cutting lay-offs in the 1980s reduce the professional and managerial runs, |
| [20:18.14] |
leaving fewer people to get the job done. |
| [20:20.78] |
In lower paid occupations where wages have been reduced, workers have added hours in overtime |
| [20:29.09] |
or extra jobs to preserve their living standard. |
| [20:32.40] |
The government estimates that more than 7 million people hold a second job. |
| [20:37.48] |
For the first time, large numbers of people say they want to cut back on working hours |
| [20:44.33] |
even it means earning less money. |
| [20:46.95] |
But most employers are unwilling to let them do so. |
| [20:50.75] |
The government which has stepped back from its traditional role as a regulator of work time |
| [20:57.66] |
should take steps to make shorter hours possible. |
| [21:02.55] |
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. |
| [21:08.41] |
32. In which country do industrial employees work the longest hours? |
| [21:31.07] |
33. How do employed Americans manage to work more hours? |
| [21:51.57] |
34. Why do corporations press their employees to work longer hours according to the speaker? |
| [22:14.79] |
35. What does the speaker say many Americans prefer to do? |
| [22:34.15] |
Section C |
| [23:27.25] |
Nursing, as a typically female profession, must deal constantly with the false impression |
| [23:34.47] |
that nurses are there to wait on the physician. |
| [23:38.13] |
As nurses, we are licensed to provide nursing care only. |
| [23:43.30] |
We do not have any legal or moral obligation to any physician. |
| [23:47.83] |
We provide health teaching, assess physical as well as emotional problems, |
| [23:54.10] |
coordinate patient-related services, |
| [23:57.15] |
and make all of our nursing decisions based upon what is best or suitable for the patient. |
| [24:02.99] |
If, in any circumstance, we feel that aphysician's order is inappropriate or unsafe, |
| [24:10.32] |
we have a legal responsibility to question that order or refuse to carry it out. |
| [24:17.00] |
Nursing is not a nine-to-five job with every weekend off. |
| [24:21.57] |
All nurses are aware of that before they enter the profession. |
| [24:25.73] |
The emotional and physical stress, however, |
| [24:28.89] |
that occurs due to odd working hours is a prime reason for a lot of the career dissatisfaction. |
| [24:35.91] |
It is sometimes required that we work overtime, |
| [24:39.88] |
and that we change shifts four or five times a month. |
| [24:44.26] |
That disturbs our personal lives, disrupts our sleeping and eating habits, |
| [24:49.97] |
and isolates us from everything except job-related friends and activities. |
| [24:55.73] |
The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations. |
| [25:01.67] |
Most hospitals are now staffed by new graduates, |
| [25:06.25] |
as experienced nurses finally give up trying to change the system. |
| [25:11.01] |
Consumers of medically related services have evidently |
| [25:16.31] |
not been affected enough yet to demand changes in our medical system. |
| [25:21.18] |
But if trends continue as predicted, |
| [25:24.91] |
they will find that most critical hospital care will be provided by new, |
| [25:30.56] |
inexperienced, and sometimes inadequately trained nurses. |
| [25:39.17] |
(read again) |
| [25:41.29] |
Nursing, as a typically female profession, must deal constantly with the false impression |
| [25:47.90] |
that nurses are there to wait on the physician. |
| [25:51.10] |
As nurses, we are licensed to provide nursing care only. |
| [25:56.39] |
We do not have any legal or moral obligation to any physician. |
| [26:01.20] |
We provide health teaching, assess physical as well as emotional problems, |
| [26:07.44] |
coordinate patient-related services, |
| [26:10.80] |
and make all of our nursing decisions based upon what is best or suitable for the patient. |
| [26:16.70] |
If, in any circumstance, we feel that aphysician's order is inappropriate or unsafe, |
| [26:24.31] |
we have a legal responsibility to question that order or refuse to carry it out. |
| [26:30.57] |
Nursing is not a nine-to-five job with every weekend off. |
| [26:36.50] |
All nurses are aware of that before they enter the profession. |
| [26:40.81] |
The emotional and physical stress, however, |
| [26:44.50] |
that occurs due to odd working hours is a prime reason for a lot of the career dissatisfaction. |
| [26:51.36] |
It is sometimes required that we work overtime, |
| [26:55.67] |
and that we change shifts four or five times a month. |
| [28:04.39] |
That disturbs our personal lives, disrupts our sleeping and eating habits, |
| [28:09.96] |
and isolates us from everything except job-related friends and activities. |
| [28:15.51] |
The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations. |
| [28:23.54] |
Most hospitals are now staffed by new graduates, |
| [28:28.14] |
as experienced nurses finally give up trying to change the system. |
| [29:49.48] |
Consumers of medically related services have evidently |
| [29:53.21] |
not been affected enough yet to demand changes in our medical system. |
| [29:58.20] |
But if trends continue as predicted, |
| [30:01.32] |
they will find that most critical hospital care will be provided by new, |
| [30:05.97] |
inexperienced, and sometimes inadequately trained nurses. |
