| 圣王在上，而民不冻饥者，非能耕而食之、织而衣之也，为开其资财之道也。故尧、禹有九年之水，汤有七年之旱，而国亡捐瘠者，以畜积多而备先具也。今海内为一，土地人民之众不避汤、禹，加以亡天灾数年之水旱，而畜积未及者，何也？地有遗利，民有余力，生谷之土未尽垦，山泽之利未尽出也，游食之民未尽归农也。 | |
| 民贫则奸邪生，贫生于不足，不足生于不农，不农则不地著，不地著则离乡轻家。民如鸟兽，虽有高城深池，严法重刑，犹不能禁也。夫寒之于衣，不待轻暖；饥之于食，不待甘旨。饥寒至身，不顾廉耻。人情一日不再食则饥，终岁不制衣则寒。夫腹饥不得食，肤寒不得衣，虽慈母不能保其子，君安能以有其民哉？明主知其然也，故务民于农桑，薄赋敛，广畜积，以实仓廪，备水旱，故民可得而有也。 | |
| 民者，在上所以牧之，趋利如水走下，四方亡择也。夫珠玉金银，饥不可食，寒不可衣，然而众贵之者，以上用之故也。其为物轻微易藏，在于把握，可以周海内而亡饥寒之患。此令臣轻背其主，而民易去其乡，盗贼有所劝，亡逃者得轻资也。粟米布帛生于地，长于时，聚于力，非可一日成也。数石之重，中人弗胜，不为奸邪所利，一日弗得而饥寒至，是故明君贵五谷而贱金玉。 | |
| 今农夫五口之家，其服役者不下二人，其能耕者不过百亩，百亩之收不过百石。春种夏耕，秋获冬藏，伐薪樵，治官府，给徭役，春不得避风尘，夏不得避暑热，秋不得避阴雨，冬不得避寒冻，四时之间，亡日休息；又私自送往迎来，吊死问疾，养孤长幼在其中。勤苦如此，尚复被水旱之灾，急政暴虐，赋敛不时，朝令而暮改，当具，有者半贾而卖，亡者取倍称之息。于是有卖田宅，鬻子孙，以偿责者矣。而商贾大者积贮倍息，小者坐列贩卖，操其奇赢，日游都市，乘上之急，所卖必倍。故其男不耕耘，女不蚕织，衣必文采，食必粱肉，亡农夫之苦，有仟佰之得。因其富厚，交通王侯，力过吏势，以利相倾，千里游敖，冠盖相望，乘坚策肥，履丝曳缟，此商人所以兼并农人，农人所以流亡者也。今法律贱商人，商人已富贵矣；尊农夫，农夫已贫贱矣。故俗之所贵，主之所贱也；吏之所卑，法之所尊也。上下相反，好恶乖迕，而欲国富法立，不可得也。 | |
| 方今之务，莫若使民务农而已矣。欲民务农，在于贵粟。贵粟之道，在于使民以粟为赏罚。今募天下入粟县官，得以拜爵，得以除罪。如此，富人有爵，农民有钱，粟有所渫。夫能入粟以受爵，皆有余者也。取于有余，以供上用，则贫民之赋可损，所谓“损有余，补不足”，令出而民利者也。顺于民心，所补者三：一曰主用足，二曰民赋少，三曰劝农功。今令：民有车骑马一匹者，复卒三人。车骑者，天下武备也，故为复卒。神农之教曰：“有石城十仞，汤池百步，带甲百万，而亡粟，弗能守也。”以是观之，粟者，王者大用，政之本务。令民入粟受爵，至五大夫以上， 复一人耳。此其与骑马之功相去远矣。爵者，上之所擅，出于口而亡穷；粟者，民之所种，生于地而不乏。夫得高爵与免罪，人之所甚欲也。使天下人入粟于边，以受爵免罪，不过三岁，塞下之粟必多矣。 |
| sheng wang zai shang, er min bu dong ji zhe, fei neng geng er shi zhi zhi er yi zhi ye, wei kai qi zi cai zhi dao ye. gu yao yu you jiu nian zhi shui, tang you qi nian zhi han, er guo wang juan ji zhe, yi chu ji duo er bei xian ju ye. jin hai nei wei yi, tu di ren min zhi zhong bu bi tang yu, jia yi wang tian zai shu nian zhi shui han, er chu ji wei ji zhe, he ye? di you yi li, min you yu li, sheng gu zhi tu wei jin ken, shan ze zhi li wei jin chu ye, you shi zhi min wei jin gui nong ye. | |
| min pin ze jian xie sheng, pin sheng yu bu zu, bu zu sheng yu bu nong, bu nong ze bu di zhe, bu di zhe ze li xiang qing jia. min ru niao shou, sui you gao cheng shen chi, yan fa zhong xing, you bu neng jin ye. fu han zhi yu yi, bu dai qing nuan ji zhi yu shi, bu dai gan zhi. ji han zhi shen, bu gu lian chi. ren qing yi ri bu zai shi ze ji, zhong sui bu zhi yi ze han. fu fu ji bu de shi, fu han bu de yi, sui ci mu bu neng bao qi zi, jun an neng yi you qi min zai? ming zhu zhi qi ran ye, gu wu min yu nong sang, bao fu lian, guang chu ji, yi shi cang lin, bei shui han, gu min ke de er you ye. | |
| min zhe, zai shang suo yi mu zhi, qu li ru shui zou xia, si fang wang ze ye. fu zhu yu jin yin, ji bu ke shi, han bu ke yi, ran er zhong gui zhi zhe, yi shang yong zhi gu ye. qi wei wu qing wei yi cang, zai yu ba wo, ke yi zhou hai nei er wang ji han zhi huan. ci ling chen qing bei qi zhu, er min yi qu qi xiang, dao zei you suo quan, wang tao zhe de qing zi ye. su mi bu bo sheng yu di, chang yu shi, ju yu li, fei ke yi ri cheng ye. shu shi zhi zhong, zhong ren fu sheng, bu wei jian xie suo li, yi ri fu de er ji han zhi, shi gu ming jun gui wu gu er jian jin yu. | |
| jin nong fu wu kou zhi jia, qi fu yi zhe bu xia er ren, qi neng geng zhe bu guo bai mu, bai mu zhi shou bu guo bai shi. chun zhong xia geng, qiu huo dong cang, fa xin qiao, zhi guan fu, gei yao yi, chun bu de bi feng chen, xia bu de bi shu re, qiu bu de bi yin yu, dong bu de bi han dong, si shi zhi jian, wang ri xiu xi you si zi song wang ying lai, diao si wen ji, yang gu chang you zai qi zhong. qin ku ru ci, shang fu bei shui han zhi zai, ji zheng bao nue, fu lian bu shi, chao ling er mu gai, dang ju, you zhe ban jia er mai, wang zhe qu bei cheng zhi xi. yu shi you mai tian zhai, yu zi sun, yi chang ze zhe yi. er shang gu da zhe ji zhu bei xi, xiao zhe zuo lie fan mai, cao qi qi ying, ri you du shi, cheng shang zhi ji, suo mai bi bei. gu qi nan bu geng yun, nv bu can zhi, yi bi wen cai, shi bi liang rou, wang nong fu zhi ku, you qian bai zhi de. yin qi fu hou, jiao tong wang hou, li guo li shi, yi li xiang qing, qian li you ao, guan gai xiang wang, cheng jian ce fei, lv si ye gao, ci shang ren suo yi jian bing nong ren, nong ren suo yi liu wang zhe ye. jin fa lv jian shang ren, shang ren yi fu gui yi zun nong fu, nong fu yi pin jian yi. gu su zhi suo gui, zhu zhi suo jian ye li zhi suo bei, fa zhi suo zun ye. shang xia xiang fan, hao wu guai wu, er yu guo fu fa li, bu ke de ye. | |
| fang jin zhi wu, mo ruo shi min wu nong er yi yi. yu min wu nong, zai yu gui su. gui su zhi dao, zai yu shi min yi su wei shang fa. jin mu tian xia ru su xian guan, de yi bai jue, de yi chu zui. ru ci, fu ren you jue, nong min you qian, su you suo xie. fu neng ru su yi shou jue, jie you yu zhe ye. qu yu you yu, yi gong shang yong, ze pin min zhi fu ke sun, suo wei" sun you yu, bu bu zu", ling chu er min li zhe ye. shun yu min xin, suo bu zhe san: yi yue zhu yong zu, er yue min fu shao, san yue quan nong gong. jin ling: min you che qi ma yi pi zhe, fu zu san ren. che qi zhe, tian xia wu bei ye, gu wei fu zu. shen nong zhi jiao yue:" you shi cheng shi ren, tang chi bai bu, dai jia bai wan, er wang su, fu neng shou ye." yi shi guan zhi, su zhe, wang zhe da yong, zheng zhi ben wu. ling min ru su shou jue, zhi wu dai fu yi shang, fu yi ren er. ci qi yu qi ma zhi gong xiang qu yuan yi. jue zhe, shang zhi suo shan, chu yu kou er wang qiong su zhe, min zhi suo zhong, sheng yu di er bu fa. fu de gao jue yu mian zui, ren zhi suo shen yu ye. shi tian xia ren ru su yu bian, yi shou jue mian zui, bu guo san sui, sai xia zhi su bi duo yi. |
| shèng wáng zài shàng, ér mín bù dòng jī zhě, fēi néng gēng ér shí zhī zhī ér yī zhī yě, wèi kāi qí zī cái zhī dào yě. gù yáo yǔ yǒu jiǔ nián zhī shuǐ, tāng yǒu qī nián zhī hàn, ér guó wáng juān jí zhě, yǐ chù jī duō ér bèi xiān jù yě. jīn hǎi nèi wèi yī, tǔ dì rén mín zhī zhòng bù bì tāng yǔ, jiā yǐ wáng tiān zāi shù nián zhī shuǐ hàn, ér chù jī wèi jí zhě, hé yě? dì yǒu yí lì, mín yǒu yú lì, shēng gǔ zhī tǔ wèi jǐn kěn, shān zé zhī lì wèi jǐn chū yě, yóu shí zhī mín wèi jǐn guī nóng yě. | |
| mín pín zé jiān xié shēng, pín shēng yú bù zú, bù zú shēng yú bù nóng, bù nóng zé bù dì zhe, bù dì zhe zé lí xiāng qīng jiā. mín rú niǎo shòu, suī yǒu gāo chéng shēn chí, yán fǎ zhòng xíng, yóu bù néng jìn yě. fū hán zhī yú yī, bù dài qīng nuǎn jī zhī yú shí, bù dài gān zhǐ. jī hán zhì shēn, bù gù lián chǐ. rén qíng yī rì bù zài shí zé jī, zhōng suì bù zhì yī zé hán. fū fù jī bù dé shí, fū hán bù dé yī, suī cí mǔ bù néng bǎo qí zi, jūn ān néng yǐ yǒu qí mín zāi? míng zhǔ zhī qí rán yě, gù wù mín yú nóng sāng, báo fù liǎn, guǎng chù jī, yǐ shí cāng lǐn, bèi shuǐ hàn, gù mín kě dé ér yǒu yě. | |
| mín zhě, zài shàng suǒ yǐ mù zhī, qū lì rú shuǐ zǒu xià, sì fāng wáng zé yě. fū zhū yù jīn yín, jī bù kě shí, hán bù kě yī, rán ér zhòng guì zhī zhě, yǐ shàng yòng zhī gù yě. qí wèi wù qīng wēi yì cáng, zài yú bǎ wò, kě yǐ zhōu hǎi nèi ér wáng jī hán zhī huàn. cǐ lìng chén qīng bèi qí zhǔ, ér mín yì qù qí xiāng, dào zéi yǒu suǒ quàn, wáng táo zhě dé qīng zī yě. sù mǐ bù bó shēng yú dì, cháng yú shí, jù yú lì, fēi kě yī rì chéng yě. shù shí zhī zhòng, zhōng rén fú shèng, bù wéi jiān xié suǒ lì, yī rì fú dé ér jī hán zhì, shì gù míng jūn guì wǔ gǔ ér jiàn jīn yù. | |
| jīn nóng fū wǔ kǒu zhī jiā, qí fú yì zhě bù xià èr rén, qí néng gēng zhě bù guò bǎi mǔ, bǎi mǔ zhī shōu bù guò bǎi shí. chūn zhòng xià gēng, qiū huò dōng cáng, fá xīn qiáo, zhì guān fǔ, gěi yáo yì, chūn bù dé bì fēng chén, xià bù dé bì shǔ rè, qiū bù dé bì yīn yǔ, dōng bù dé bì hán dòng, sì shí zhī jiān, wáng rì xiū xī yòu sī zì sòng wǎng yíng lái, diào sǐ wèn jí, yǎng gū cháng yòu zài qí zhōng. qín kǔ rú cǐ, shàng fù bèi shuǐ hàn zhī zāi, jí zhèng bào nüè, fù liǎn bù shí, cháo lìng ér mù gǎi, dāng jù, yǒu zhě bàn jiǎ ér mài, wáng zhě qǔ bèi chēng zhī xī. yú shì yǒu mài tián zhái, yù zǐ sūn, yǐ cháng zé zhě yǐ. ér shāng gǔ dà zhě jī zhù bèi xī, xiǎo zhě zuò liè fàn mài, cāo qí qí yíng, rì yóu dū shì, chéng shàng zhī jí, suǒ mài bì bèi. gù qí nán bù gēng yún, nǚ bù cán zhī, yī bì wén cǎi, shí bì liáng ròu, wáng nóng fū zhī kǔ, yǒu qiān bǎi zhī dé. yīn qí fù hòu, jiāo tōng wáng hóu, lì guò lì shì, yǐ lì xiāng qīng, qiān lǐ yóu áo, guān gài xiāng wàng, chéng jiān cè féi, lǚ sī yè gǎo, cǐ shāng rén suǒ yǐ jiān bìng nóng rén, nóng rén suǒ yǐ liú wáng zhě yě. jīn fǎ lǜ jiàn shāng rén, shāng rén yǐ fù guì yǐ zūn nóng fū, nóng fū yǐ pín jiàn yǐ. gù sú zhī suǒ guì, zhǔ zhī suǒ jiàn yě lì zhī suǒ bēi, fǎ zhī suǒ zūn yě. shàng xià xiāng fǎn, hào wù guāi wù, ér yù guó fù fǎ lì, bù kě de yě. | |
| fāng jīn zhī wù, mò ruò shǐ mín wù nóng ér yǐ yǐ. yù mín wù nóng, zài yú guì sù. guì sù zhī dào, zài yú shǐ mín yǐ sù wèi shǎng fá. jīn mù tiān xià rù sù xiàn guān, dé yǐ bài jué, dé yǐ chú zuì. rú cǐ, fù rén yǒu jué, nóng mín yǒu qián, sù yǒu suǒ xiè. fū néng rù sù yǐ shòu jué, jiē yǒu yú zhě yě. qǔ yú yǒu yú, yǐ gōng shàng yòng, zé pín mín zhī fù kě sǔn, suǒ wèi" sǔn yǒu yú, bǔ bù zú", lìng chū ér mín lì zhě yě. shùn yú mín xīn, suǒ bǔ zhě sān: yī yuē zhǔ yòng zú, èr yuē mín fù shǎo, sān yuē quàn nóng gōng. jīn lìng: mín yǒu chē qí mǎ yī pǐ zhě, fù zú sān rén. chē qí zhě, tiān xià wǔ bèi yě, gù wèi fù zú. shén nóng zhī jiào yuē:" yǒu shí chéng shí rèn, tāng chí bǎi bù, dài jiǎ bǎi wàn, ér wáng sù, fú néng shǒu yě." yǐ shì guān zhī, sù zhě, wáng zhě dà yòng, zhèng zhī běn wù. lìng mín rù sù shòu jué, zhì wǔ dài fū yǐ shàng, fù yī rén ěr. cǐ qí yǔ qí mǎ zhī gōng xiāng qù yuǎn yǐ. jué zhě, shàng zhī suǒ shàn, chū yú kǒu ér wáng qióng sù zhě, mín zhī suǒ zhǒng, shēng yú dì ér bù fá. fū dé gāo jué yǔ miǎn zuì, rén zhī suǒ shén yù yě. shǐ tiān xià rén rù sù yú biān, yǐ shòu jué miǎn zuì, bù guò sān suì, sāi xià zhī sù bì duō yǐ. |
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